Onions are grown everywhere, but in the northern regions and in the suburbs, until recently, only spring planting was recognized. Now, in these regions, they prefer the autumn planting of this crop. Since there are a lot of winter onion varieties, they survive the winter very well, and next year they provide an early harvest.
Benefits of Planting Onions in the Fall
Winter onion sowing has many advantages:
- Profitability. In autumn there are fewer worries in the garden than in spring. There is less care for winter plantings, since crops sprout in the absence of weeds and pests, while there is a lot of moisture from the snow and plants can not be watered. Moreover, a smaller onion set is suitable for winter planting, hence the monetary savings.
- Productivity Harvesting almost a month earlier, the bulbs are better and larger, compared with spring planted.
- Safety. Onions planted in the fall ripen very well, therefore, the moisture in it is contained in a small amount, this allows to increase the shelf life (but the spring is stored slightly better).
What types of onions can be planted in the winter?
Almost all types of onions, except leeks, are suitable for winter planting. As a rule, they plant:
- Nigella - seed material from which in spring small onion sets for planting and onion greens are obtained.
- Ovsyuzhku (sowing) - planting material, giving in July a full head.
- Batun is a perennial variety that provides early spring green vitamins.
- Shallot is a frost-resistant species, giving from one bulb up to 15 heads.
Popular winter varieties
| Title | Description, features |
| Radar F1 | Hybrid Dutch variety. Withstands temperatures up to -25 ° C if there is snow cover. The ripening period is early ripe. The fruit is rounded oblong to 350 grams. The taste is islandy. Keeping quality is good. |
| Stuttgart Riesen | German grade. The ripening period is mid-ripening (110 days). Fruit with a flat shape up to 150 grams. The taste is spicy. Keeping quality is good. |
| Shakespeare | Frost-resistant - up to -18 ° C, dense protective scales. Ripening earlier. The fruit is medium, size up to 120 grams. The taste is peninsular. |
| Red baron | Frost resistant. Ripening earlier (90 days). The fruit is red, up to 250 grams. The taste is islandy. Keeping high. Resistant to pests and diseases. |
| Sturon | Dutch hybrid. Cold resistant. The fruit is elongated in the form of an ellipse, up to 220 grams. The taste is bitter-sharp, the smell is pungent. Keeping quality is good. |
| Panther F1 | Japanese hybrid. Frost-resistant - up to -28 ° C. The fruit is rounded with a thin neck, up to 200 grams. Resistant to shooting. Ripening later (135 days). |
| Ruby | Ukrainian grade. The fruit is round up to 80 grams (feolet silver). Ripening is fast (70 days). Keeping quality is good. |
Autumn landing dates
Winter onions are planted in the winter, depending on the variety and region.
Chernushka
The timing of sowing this variety of onions is not important. It can be produced even in frozen ground at the end of November-December. In this case, grooves are best done in advance. Possible direct landing on frozen soil with the addition of warm earth. Crops are mulched.
Sevok
Recommended spring and autumn planting. When planting before winter, the onion set should have time to take root, but green sprouts should not appear. This time is approximately two weeks before persistent frosts. The best time is when the temperature is kept around + 5- + 6 ° C during the week.
Shallot
Possible landing in spring and autumn. Podzimnaya - as a rule, this is the month of October, but nevertheless it is necessary to take into account the region. Autumn landing is made a month before frosts. It takes time to root, but sprouts should not be allowed.
Batun
This variety is planted three times a year: April, June, October. When planting in the fall, they adhere to the same recommendations as in the case of planting. October is considered the best month; in the spring, the batun gives one of the first green vitamin stems.
Lunar onion planting for regions
For all plants and for onions, autumn planting days are determined for different regions depending on the lunar phases.
| Region | Days | Features |
| South | November - 21, 22, 29, 30. | Mulching (sawdust, foliage). |
| Moscow region | October - 25. November - 2, 3, 21, 22. | Shelter (spruce branches, agrofibre). |
| Ural | September - 27, 28; October - 6, 7. | Use frost-resistant varieties, enhanced protection (large layer of spruce branches, thick agrofibre). |
| Siberia | September - 27, 28. | Plant only the most frost-resistant varieties (Radar F1, Panther F1), strong protection (large layer of spruce branches, thick agrofibre). In very severe frosts, death of crops is possible. |
Technologies, schemes and landing rules
To get a good harvest, you need to choose the right place, prepare planting material and plant onions according to a certain pattern.
Site selection
When choosing a place, a number of conditions must be taken into account:
- Placement should be on a sunny small elevation, where the snow quickly melts in the spring.
- Water stagnation is unacceptable.
- When choosing a place, you need to consider the rules of crop rotation.
After what crops to plant onions?
There are a number of crops after which onion crops grow faster and the crop is richer, but there are also non-recommended crops, after which the onion can become infected and the crop will be small and of poor quality.
- Favorable predecessors - legumes, cabbage of different varieties, tomatoes, cucumbers.
- Adverse predecessors - potatoes, parsley, celery, carrots, garlic, onions.
It is good to grow cereals (clover, buckwheat, mustard) in front of onions, except for rye and barley.
The soil
A bed for planting onions is prepared in advance. Soil - humus-sandy or loam, neutral acidity. To enrich it, it is recommended that:
- compost
- superphosphate (1 tablespoon per 1 square meter);
- wood ash.
Landing chernushki
To obtain greenery and planting material, seeds are planted next year:
- On the prepared bed in the grooves according to the scheme 2 to 25, the chernushka is sown.
- Fall asleep with warm soil 2 cm thick.
- Gently spill the bed with crops, mulch crops.
Planting onion sets
Step-by-step planting of onions on a turnip in the winter:
- Planting material (sack) is selected. For autumn planting, take small bulbs (about 10-12 mm no more). Larger ones are good at greens, but they shoot quickly and the onion turnip crop will be of poor quality.
- Soak the oatmeal in a warm solution (+ 45 ° C) of potassium permanganate (15 minutes), transfer to a cloth bag, put in a warm battery or stove for three days.
- On the prepared bed, holes 10 by 25 are planned, with a depth of about 6 cm.
- Spread onion, sprinkle with soil, slightly compacted.
- Cover the bed.
Agricultural technology for growing onions is not particularly difficult if you know the rules and timing of planting, as well as choose the appropriate variety.
